Summary
#1/2020
The transition to smart technologies and digitalization in the Russian economy provide a qualitative leap - the transition to new, fundamentally different approaches in energy, construction and maintenance of buildings, etc. The aim is to improve the safety and quality of human life and activity and to reduce the negative impact on the environment.
MEGA in Russia: Sweden ‘s ecosystem on the brink of fiction p. 10
A few years ago, the Swedish company Ingka Centers aimed to certify all its existing Russian buildings of MEGA shopping centers according to the international eco-standard BREEAM In-Use. The work on greening the premises and adjacent territory of shopping centers has become systemic and permanent - with each new certificate the company tries to add solutions that will improve previous technical indicators and make the stay of buyers and employees in MEGA TC as safe and comfortable as possible. Many norms taken as the basis for Russian hypermarkets exceed domestic ones. And some solutions are unique at all.
Today, the theme of cities of the future and the introduction of the latest technologies for the sustainable development of Territories play an important role in many countries of the world. We specify the principles of the concept of a smart city, based on the experience of France, and identify the possibilities of using French solutions in Russia.
In the city of Beloyarsky (KhMAO-Ugra) works are under way on the construction of a new type of kindergarten. This project solves three tasks: first, creation of a new high-quality educational environment, the necessity of which is laid down in modern educational programs for pre-school institutions aimed at children, second, optimization of areas and volumes of the building, third, design of an energy-efficient building in the conditions of the Far North.
In modern times, high-rise buildings are built everywhere in all major cities of the world. For example, in European Union countries, current laws require all buildings commissioned after 2020 to have near-zero energy consumption (NZEB). Is it possible to build a high-rise building with near-zero energy consumption? To answer the question, consider the specifics of design of OViK systems of high-rise buildings and conceptual solutions to build engineering systems that allow to achieve near-zero energy consumption.
The last decade has seen the development of Arctic seas rich in hydrocarbon deposits. One possible solution contributing to the development of the Northern Sea Route is the creation of five main modules - artificial fixed islands. An important aspect in the implementation of this concept is the need to use unique engineering systems and equipment that ensure comfortable and safe stay of people.
In Russia, a large number of production buildings and premises for various purposes built in the middle of the 20th century do not meet the current requirements for energy saving and are energy-intensive. The energy service allows to identify the potential for energy saving and increase the energy efficiency of such facilities. A successful example of its application, implemented in Germany on the existing laboratory building of the university hospital, resulted in a 27% reduction in energy consumption.
The architecture almost always remained static and had minimal potential for transformation, adjusting from man, without entering into dialogue with him. This factor contributed to the creation of a static architectural environment. In traditional solutions, the facade of the building is usually only responsible for transparency, and the air conditioning and ventilation system is responsible for everything else. Ideally, the building shell should simultaneously flexibly control the exchange of heat, light, humidity, and information flows. Such a principle means not being fully supervised by the architect and allowing buildings to form under the influence of external forces. It is a search for an architecture that can be changed by context - the state of the environment.
Engineering systems of the greenhouse project in the park-estate of Komenskoe p. 62
The article considers engineering systems of buildings of the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco and Climate Center Klimahaus in Germany, built according to the concept of «building in building.» Based on the study carried out and based on the climatic characteristics of Moscow and the necessary parameters of the microclimate, the solution of the engineering systems of the greenhouse project in the park-estate Kolenskoe was proposed.
